13. four young children were monitored closely over a period of
13. Four young children were monitored closely over a period of several weeks to measure how much they watched violent television programs and their amount of violent behavior toward their playmates. The results were as follows:
Weekly Viewing of Number of Violent or Aggressive
Child’s Code Number Violent TV (hours) Acts Toward Playmates
G3368 14 9
R8904 8 6
C9890 6 1
L8722 12 8
(a) Make a scatter diagram of the scores; (b) describe in words the general pattern of correlation, if any; (c) figure
the correlation coefficient; (d) figure whether the correlation is statistically significant (use the .05 significance level, two-tailed); (e) explain the logic of what you have done, writing as if you are speaking to someone who has never heard
of correlation (but who does understand the mean, deviation scores, and hypothesis testing); and (f) give three logically possible directions of causality, indicating for each direction whether it is a reasonable explanation for the correlation
in light of the variables involved (and why).